Travelling to High Altitudes? Here's What You Need to Know About Altitude Sickness

Are you planning a trek to Machu Picchu in Peru, an expedition through the Himalayas, or a visit to the highlands of Ethiopia? Travelling to high elevations can be breathtaking, both in beauty and, unfortunately, in oxygen levels. Before embarking on your adventure, it's essential to understand the risks of high-altitude sickness and how to prevent it.

Many travellers heading to places like Cusco or the Inca Trail may not realize how quickly altitude can affect their bodies. A bit of planning can go a long way toward keeping you healthy on your trip.

What Is High Altitude Sickness?

High altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS), is a condition that can occur when you ascend too quickly to elevations above 2,500 meters (8,000 feet). At these heights, the air pressure drops and oxygen levels decrease, making it harder for your body to function correctly.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms usually begin within hours of arriving at high altitude and may include:

• Headache

• Nausea or vomiting

• Dizziness or light-headedness

• Fatigue or weakness

• Shortness of breath with exertion

• Difficulty sleeping

In more serious cases, high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) or high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) can develop, which are medical emergencies requiring immediate descent and treatment.

Who Is at Risk?

Anyone can experience altitude sickness, regardless of age, gender, or physical fitness. However, your risk increases if:

• You ascend quickly

• You've had altitude sickness before

• You plan to sleep at high elevations

• You travel to areas over 3,000 meters (10,000 feet) without proper acclimatization

How to Prevent It

1. Gradual Ascent:

Avoid climbing more than 300–500 meters per day once above 2,500 meters. Plan rest days for acclimatization.

2. Hydration and Diet:

Stay well-hydrated and avoid alcohol. Eating a high-carbohydrate diet may help your body adjust more efficiently to a low-carbohydrate diet.

3. Medications:

Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a medication that can help prevent or reduce symptoms associated with altitude sickness. In some cases, other medications may also be appropriate.

4. Be Prepared:

Be aware of the signs of severe altitude illness and have a plan in place to descend if necessary.

Why a Travel Health Consultation Is Important

Many travellers underestimate the effects of high altitude until it's too late. At our travel clinic, we offer personalized guidance tailored to your health history and travel itinerary. We offer:

• Risk assessment based on your destination and elevation profile

• Advice on safe acclimatization schedules

• Prescription medications such as acetazolamide

• Education on when to seek emergency help

• Support with vaccinations and travel health planning

Whether you're heading to Machu Picchu, Cusco, or climbing Kilimanjaro, a short visit to our clinic can make your trip safer and more enjoyable.